Map-dot-fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy

 

Map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy, also known as epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD) or Cogan’s microcystic dystrophy, is a relatively rare eye condition that can cause discomfort and vision problems. In this article, we will discuss what map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and outlook.

What is Map-Dot-Fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy? Map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy is a genetic disorder that affects the cornea, which is the clear front surface of the eye that allows light to enter and be refracted to focus on the retina. The condition is named after the unique appearance of the cornea during an eye examination, where it can look like a map with dots and fingerprints on it. The dots represent areas where the epithelial layer, the outermost layer of the cornea, has detached from the underlying basement membrane, causing small elevations. The fingerprints refer to lines that run between the dots, which are folds or duplication in the basement membrane.

Causes of Map-Dot-Fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy Map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy is a genetic condition caused by mutations in the TGFBI gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called keratoepithelin. This protein helps maintain the structure of the cornea. Mutations in the TGFBI gene can cause the protein to accumulate abnormally in the basement membrane, leading to the characteristic appearance of map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy.

Symptoms of Map-Dot-Fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy Many people with map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy have no symptoms, and the condition is only discovered during a routine eye exam. However, some people may experience symptoms such as:

• Blurred vision
• Sensitivity to light
• Discomfort or pain
• Dryness or irritation
• Foreign body sensation
• Double Vision

Diagnosis of Map-Dot-Fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy

To diagnose map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy, we will perform a comprehensive eye exam, including a slit-lamp exam, which uses a special microscope to examine the cornea. They may also perform corneal topography, which is a non-invasive imaging test that creates a map of the corneal surface. Genetic testing may also be done to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Map-Dot-Fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy There is currently no cure for map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy, but there are treatment options to help manage symptoms. These may include:

• Lubricating eye drops or ointments to relieve dryness and discomfort
• Bandage contact lenses to protect the cornea and promote healing
• Hypertonic saline drops or ointments to reduce corneal swelling
• Epithelial debridement, which involves removing the damaged epithelium to promote healing
• Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK), a laser procedure that removes damaged tissue and promotes healing,  We have extensive experience with this laser and this procedure.

Outlook for Map-Dot-Fingerprint Corneal Dystrophy The outlook for people with map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy varies depending on the severity of the condition and the individual’s response to treatment. In some cases, the condition may be asymptomatic and require no treatment. In more severe cases, symptoms may be managed with a combination of treatments, but vision may still be affected. In some cases with recurrent erosions, an anterior lamellar keratectomy can be done with the Excimer Laser and a spatula removing the redundant tissue and allowing for the restoration of a smooth surface and improved vision.

In conclusion, map-dot-fingerprint corneal dystrophy is a genetic disorder that affects the cornea and can cause discomfort and vision problems. Although there is currently no cure, there are treatment options to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. If you have concerns or have been diagnosed with this condition, just call for a professional evaluation 866-295-2020.